Monograph

Mon, 01/24/2011 - 11:23 — Anonyme
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definition: 

Infectious laryngotracheitis is an infectious disease of viral origin that affects certain bird species. It is an OIE listed disease.

Situation in America: 

Infectious laryngotracheitis is present worldwide. It is present in the Caribbean, probably in most of the islands.

Susceptible species: 

Hens of any age but mostly at the beginning of egg laying.

Etiological agent: 

Infectious laryngotracheitis is caused by an RNA enveloped virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family and the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily.

Methods of transmission
Method of contamination: 

Contamination primarily occurs through the inhalation of infected respiratory and conjunctival secretions.

Direct contamination through contaminated material is also possible.

Animals infected subclinically can also carry and excrete the disease for several months.

Symptoms: 

Incubation period: 6 to 12 days

Symptoms: rhinitis, conjunctivitis, edema of the head, respiratory difficulties, expectoration of blood and/or mucus combined with a significant decline in egg laying

Sometimes sinusitis, bronchitis, bronchopnemonia with nasal and rale discharge

Recovery in 10 to 14 days or death by asphyxia in 70% of cases for the most severe forms

The symptoms can be less clear in the subacute form of the disease

Diagnostics
Laboratory diagnosis: 

- Detection of the pathogenic agent through viral isolation in embryonic eggs or through an ELISA test

- Detection of antibodies using an ELISA test

Prophylaxis: 

Sanitary

Adherence to standard hygiene and breeding rules (disinfection of equipment, correct temperature conditions and aeration of buildings, clean litter, etc.)

Vaccines: 

Attenuated live virus vaccine


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