Monograph

Thu, 01/27/2011 - 14:02 — Anonyme

definition:

Avian cholera is an infectious disease of bacterial origin that primarily affects chickens, as well as other bird species.

It appears on the OIE list.

Situation in America:

Avian cholera is present throughout the world.

This disease is rife in the Caribbean, where it is responsible for major losses

Susceptible species:

Chickens and other bird species

Etiological agent:

Avian cholera is caused by Pasteurella multocida, a Gram-negative, immobile, non-spore forming and capsulated coccobacillus.

Methods of transmission

Transmission:

The disease is primarily transmitted through the ingestion of water or food contaminated with the excretions of diseased birds.

Rats, insects and wild birds can also be responsible for spreading the disease.

Symptoms:

Incubation period: 4 to 9 days

Symptoms

prostration, anorexia, adypsia, diarrhoea and weight loss

Significant decline in egg laying

Diagnostics

Laboratory diagnosis:

- Detection of the pathogenic agent by isolation after inoculation in mice

- Detection of antibodies using an ELISA test

Prophylaxis:

Sanitary

Adherence to standard hygiene measures (sufficient aeration, avoiding overcrowding, clean litter, etc.)

In the event of an outbreak, the destruction of cadavers, the cleaning and disinfection of the contaminated area and the elimination of parasites

Vaccines:

Inactivated-bacteria vaccine

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